Yiziphi Izinhlobo Zezinto Ezingajoyinwa Isisetshenziswa Sokushisela?

Ezimbonini ezifana namandla amasha, okokusebenza kwamandla, isitoreji se-photovoltaic, kanye nokukhiqiza okuthuthukile,ukusabalalisa imishini yokushiselaisibe ubuchwepheshe obuyisisekelo bokukhiqiza-izixhumanisi zikagesi ezinokwethenjelwa okuphezulu namajoyinti esakhiwo. Ngokungafani ne-fusion evamile yokushisela noma i-brazing, i-diffusion welding yakha amalunga ngokusebenzisa izinga lokushisa elilawulwayo, ingcindezi, nesikhathi, okuvumela ama-athomu asendaweni ebonakalayo ukuthi ahlakazeke futhi ahlangane ezingeni le-metallurgical.

Ngenxa yokuthi inqubo ayincibiliki ekuncibilikeni kwezinto, isakhiwo esihlanganyelwe siyafana, amazinga okukhubazeka aphansi, futhi{0}}nokuthembeka kwesikhathi eside kuthuthukiswa kakhulu. Lokhu kwenza i-diffusion welding ibaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokusebenza lapho ukusebenza kukagesi, amandla okusebenza, -nokuqina kwesikhathi eside kuyizidingo zokusebenza ezibalulekile.

Kubakhiqizi nabathengi, ukuqondayiziphi izinto zokushisela i-diffusion ezingajoyinaakuwona nje umbuzo wezobuchwepheshe-kuyisisekelo sokukhetha amathuluzi nezinqumo zokutshala imali. Amasistimu wezinto ezihlukene adinga amazinga okushisa ahlukene, amazinga okucindezela, namasu okulawula isixhumi esibonakalayo, futhi amandla wangempela wesistimu yokushisela i-diffusion achazwa ngendlela ekuphatha kahle ngayo lokhu kuhlukahluka.

Lesi sihloko sinikeza umbono ocacile, osebenzayo wezigaba eziyinhloko zemishini yokushisela engaphathwa, kuyilapho inikeza isiqondiso esiwusizo sokufunda, ukukhetha, nokuthenga.

Amasistimu wokushisela we-Diffusion asebenza kahle kakhulu ekujoyineni izinsimbi ezijwayelekile zezimboni, okuhlanganisa:

• Ithusi (Cu)
• I-Aluminium (Al)
• Insimbi engagqwali (isb, 304/316)
• I-Nickel (Ni)
• Isiliva (Ag)
• I-Titanium (Ti)
• Ama-alloys asekelwe ku-ayina{0}

Ezimbonini ezintsha zamandla namandla, esinye sezicelo ezimele kakhulu ukushiselai-foil yethusi izixhumi eziguquguqukayo kanye namabhasi amabhasi. Lezi zakhiwo zisetshenziswa kakhulu kumaphakethe ebhethri, izinhlelo zokugcina amandla, namayunithi okusabalalisa amandla. Izindlela zokushisela zendabuko zivame ukuhlushwa i-oxidation yesixhumi esibonakalayo, ukumelana nokuxhumana okungazinzile, kanye nokugxila kwengcindezi yendawo.

I-Diffusion welding yakha ibhondi ye-metallurgical eqhubekayo esikhundleni sejoyinti lokuhlanganisa lomshini noma ingxenye. Lokhu kuthuthukisa kakhulu izinga le-interface futhi kunciphisa ukumelana nogesi. Ezinhlelweni ezingokoqobo, amajoyinti a-diffusion{2}}ahlanganisiwe ngokuvamile abonisa ukumelana nokusebenzelana okuphansi ngo-20–40% uma kuqhathaniswa nezindlela ezivamile zokuhlanganisa zemishini noma zasendaweni, okuwenza afanelekele ngokukhethekile{5}amasistimu kagesi amanje kanye{6}}athembekile aphezulu.

Imishini yokushisela i-Diffusion nayo ifaneleka kahle-ezinhlelweni eziningi nezakhiwo eziyinhlanganisela, njengalokhu:

• Amapuleti ayinhlanganisela yethusi-aluminium
• Izitaki zethusi ezenziwe nge-laminated
• Ama-laminations ensimbi-ezendlalelo eziningi
• I-composite conductive busbar

Lezi zakhiwo zisetshenziswa kakhulu kumasistimu okugcina amandla, ama-inverter e-photovoltaic, kanye{0}}namamojula aphezulu okusabalalisa amandla amanje, lapho izimfuneko zedizayini zifaka ukuqhutshwa okuphezulu, ukuqina kwesakhiwo, nokuthembeka{1}}kwesikhathi eside.

Ngokulawula ngokunembile ukusatshalaliswa kwezinga lokushisa nokulingana kwengcindezi, ukushisela kwe-diffusion kuvumela zonke izendlalelo zokusebenzelana zikwazi ukusakazeka nge-athomu kanyekanye. Umphumela uba isakhiwo esiminyene, esihlanganisiwe kunenqwaba yezendlalelo eziboshwe ngomshini. Lokhu kuqeda-izikhala ezincane phakathi kwezendlalelo futhi kunciphisa kakhulu ingcuphe yokonakala kokuxhumana okubangelwa ukuhamba ngebhayisikili okushisayo, ukudlidliza, noma{3}}ingcindezi yesikhathi eside.

Ezindaweni zokusebenza{{0}eziphakeme{1}eziphezulu{1}ezinomthwalo omkhulu, lokhu buqotho besakhiwo kuyinzuzo enkulu yokwethembeka.

I-Diffusion welding ihamba phambili ekujoyineni izinsimbi ezingafani, okuhlanganisa izinhlanganisela ezifana nalezi:

• Ithusi - Aluminium
• Ithusi - Insimbi engagqwali
• I-Aluminium - ingxube ye-nickel
• I-Copper - ingxube ye-nickel
• I-Titanium - Insimbi engagqwali

Izinselelo eziyinhloko ekushiseleni kwensimbi okungafani zihlanganisa ukungezwani kokwanda kokushisa, ukuziphatha okuhlukile kokusabalalisa, kanye nokwakheka kwezinhlanganisela ze-brittle intermetallic. I-fusion welding evamile ivame ukwandisa lezi zinkinga.

I-Diffusion welding igwema ukuncibilika okuphelele futhi esikhundleni salokho iphromotha ukusakazeka kwe-athomu okulawulwayo kusixhumi esibonakalayo. Ngamazinga okushisa athuthukisiwe namapharamitha wengcindezi, kwakheka indawo yoshintsho ezinzile, enciphisa ubungozi bokwakheka kwesigaba esiphukayo kanye nokuthuthukisa ukuqina kwamalunga kanye nokungagqwala.

Emkhakheni omusha wezamandla, leli khono lisetshenziswa kabanzi ku:

• Izixhumi zebhethri
• Amatheminali{0}amanje aphezulu
• Amalugi ekhebula nezixhumi zamandla
• Amamojula okukhipha ukushisa asebenzayo kuma-inverters

Lawa majoyinti abonisa ukumelana nokukhathala okuthuthukisiwe kanye{0}}nozinzo lwesikhathi eside, okuwenza afanelekele izindawo ezinokuhamba ngamabhayisikili ashisayo kanye nomthwalo ophakeme kagesi.

Amanye amasistimu aphezulu-amandla aphezulu kanye namasistimu kagesi adinga isibopho phakathi kwezinsimbi{1}}nezinto ezingezona zensimbi, ezifana nalezi:

• Insimbi - Ceramic
• Insimbi - Graphite
• Metal - Insulating izinhlanganisela

Amasistimu wokushisela ngokujwayelekile asebenzisa i-interlayer{0}}izindlela zokuhlanganisa ezisizayo zalezi zinhlelo zokusebenza. Isendlalelo soshintsho lwethulwa phakathi kwensimbi{2}}nokungeyona{2}}okungeyona into yensimbi ukuze kuzinziswe ukusabela kokusebenzelana nokunika amandla ukubopha okulawulwayo kokusabalalisa.

Izinhlelo zokusebenza ezijwayelekile zifaka:

• Amatheminali e-capacitor yokugcina amandla
• Izingxenye-eziphezulu ze-voltage insulation
• Izakhiwo zokupakisha ze-electronics zamandla

Uma isetshenziswa ezindaweni ezilawulwayo noma ezivikelekile, amasistimu wokushisela i-diffusion avimbela i-oxidation kuyilapho elondoloza ukuqina kokushisa -kwezinto ezingezona zensimbi kanye nokuqhutshwa kukagesi kwezingxenye zensimbi. Lokhu kuvumela ilunga ukuthi lihlangabezane nezidingo kanyekanye zokuvala, ukusebenza kukagesi, namandla okusebenza.

Lapho ukhetha imishini yokushisela i-diffusion, abathengi akufanele bagxile kuphela ohlwini lwezinto ezihambisanayo. Isinqumo esiphusile kufanele sisekelwe ekuhlanganisweni kwezinhlelo zezinto ezibonakalayo, ukwakheka komkhiqizo, nendawo yokusebenza.

Imihlahlandlela esebenzayo yokukhetha

1. Ukuze uthole izingxenye zekhopha ne-aluminium conductive → beka phambili ukunemba kokulawula ukucindezela kanye nokufana kwezinga lokushisa
2. Okwezakhiwo-ezihlanganisa izendlalelo eziningi → gxila ezinhlelweni zokusabalalisa ingcindezi namandla okuklama amathuluzi
3. Kuzinhlelo zokusebenza zensimbi ezingafani → gcizelela ukulawulwa kwezinga lokushisa kanye nokuzinza kwenqubo
4. Ngokuhlanganiswa kwensimbi-okungeyona{0}}i-metal → qinisekisa ukwesekwa kwenqubo ye-interlayer namandla okulawula umoya

Isistimu yokushisela{0}yekhwalithi ephezulu ayichazwa ishidi layo elicacisiwe, kodwa ngokuguquguquka kwenqubo, ukungaguquguquki, kanye{1}}nokuqina kokusebenza kwesikhathi eside.

Isiphetho

Ngokombono wokuhambisana kwezinto, okokusebenza kokushisela akulona nje ithuluzi lokushisela{0}}kuyisisombululo{1}}sezinga lokujoyina. Isekela izinhlobonhlobo zezinto ezibonakalayo, kusukela ezinsimbini ezihlanzekile kuye kweziyinhlanganisela, kusukela ezinsimbi ezifanayo kuye kwezingafani, futhi kusukela ezinsimbi kuye{3}}kuzinto ezingezona zensimbi.

Ezimbonini ezifana namandla amasha, okokusebenza kwamandla, isitoreji se-photovoltaic, kanye nokukhiqiza okuthuthukisiwe, i-diffusion welding isiba ubuchwepheshe benqubo eyisisekelo kunokuba indlela yokukhiqiza ozikhethela yona.

Inani langempela lemishini yokushisela i-diffusion alikho nje ngaphakathiiziphi izinto ezingahlanganisa, kodwa kulokho ekulethwa{0}}kumsebenzi wesikhathi eside:
ukuthembeka kwesakhiwo, ukuzinza kukagesi, ukungaguquguquki kwenqubo, kanye nokulawulwa kokukhiqiza.

Xhumana manje