A umshini wokushisela umthungoidlala indima ebalulekile emigqeni yokukhiqiza yokushisela eqhubekayo futhi isetshenziswa kakhulu kumapayipi ensimbi engagqwali, iziqukathi ezivaliwe, izingxenye zezimoto, izivalo zamabhethri, izakhiwo zokugcina amandla, kanye nokwakhiwa kwensimbi okunembayo. Ezimweni zokukhiqiza ezimbonini, ukuzinza kwemishini kuthinta ngqo ukuvumelana kwe-weld, isigqi sokukhiqiza, izinga lesivuno, nokuthembeka kokulethwa.

Uma umshini wokushisela umthungo wehluleka ukuqala noma ucupha ama-alamu ngokuphindaphindiwe, inkinga ayivamisile ukubangelwa ingxenye eyodwa enephutha. Ezimweni eziningi, kuwumphumela wamasistimu amaningi asebenzisanayo-nokuphakelwa kwamandla, ukupholisa, amapharamitha okucubungula, ukwakheka komshini, nokunengqondo kokulawula{2}}ukwenza kusebenze izindlela zokuvikela ezihlanganisiwe zomshini.

Ngakho-ke ukuxazulula inkinga okusebenzayo kudinga indlela-yezinga lokuxilonga, hhayi ukushintshwa kwengxenye eyodwa. Umhlahlandlela olandelayo ugcina uhlaka lobuchwepheshe olucacile futhi ugxile ekuxilongweni okusebenzayo, kobunjiniyela{2}}okuthambekele ekuxilongeni ukuze usize o-opharetha, onjiniyela, namathimba okuthenga ahlonze izimbangela futhi asebenzise{3}}izixazululo zesikhathi eside ezinokwethenjelwa.

Isistimu yamandla ingenye yezimbangela ezivame kakhulu zokwehluleka ukuqalisa kanye nokuvalwa kokuvikela ku-umshini wokushisela umthungo wezimboni. Ukungazinzi kwamandla kuthinta ngqo ukusebenza komthombo wamandla we-MFDC nohlelo lokulawula.

Okokufaka Kwekhwalithi Yamandla Nokuhlola Ukuzinza

Ukuxazulula inkinga kufanele ngaso sonke isikhathi kuqale ngendawo yamandla angaphandle kunomshini ngokwawo. Izindawo ezibalulekile zokuhlola zihlanganisa:

• Ukuqinisekiswa-kwezigaba ezintathu zebhalansi kagesi, nokungalingani okugcinwe ngaphakathi kuka-3%, ukuvimbela ukuguquguquka kwamanje okuseceleni kwesilungisi{2}}nokuvikela okudlulele emishinini yokushisela i-resistance seam.
• Ukuqapha ububanzi bokuguquguquka kwamandla kagesi, okuqinisekisa ukuzinza phakathi kuka-±10% ukugwema ukwehluleka ukuqalisa noma ukuvala shaqa okungalindelekile phakathi nokusebenza.
• Ukuqinisekiswa kokuzinza kwefrikhwensi yegridi kanye nokuhlonza-imithwalo emithelela ephezulu (efana nokucindezela izitembu, izinqamuleli ze-laser, amafurnace), okungadala ukushaqeka kwamanje okwedlulayo okuthunaza amasistimu amandla emishini yokushisela ithungo ye-MFDC.

Ezimweni eziningi-zokukhiqiza imishini, ukungazinzi kwamandla kuvamise ukuba yimbangela yama-alamu avelayo futhi kufanele kubhekwane naye ngaphambi kokuhlola ihadiwe yesisetshenziswa.

Izingxenye Zesekethe Eyinhloko kanye Nokuhlola Uhlelo Lokugcina Amandla

Uma ukuqina kokunikezwa kwamandla sekuqinisekisiwe, ukuhlola kufanele kudlulele ngaphakathiuhlelo lwamandla omshini we-seam welding, egxile empilweni yamandla nezingxenye zokugcina amandla:

• Ukuhlolwa kwamafuse esekethe amakhulu, okuthintana naye, namajoyinti e-conductive ukuze kushiswe, ukuthintana kahle, noma ukumelana okungavamile okungabangela ukushisa kwendawo.
• Ukuhlolwa kwamamojula e-IGBT ngezinga lokushisa elingavamile le-junction, umonakalo oshisayo, noma ukusebenza okuncishisiwe kokukhipha ukushisa, okungase kuqalise ukuvikelwa kwezinga lokushisa ngisho nangaphansi kwezilungiselelo zamanje ezivamile.
• Ukuhlolwa kwama-resonant capacitor for bulging, ukuvuza, noma ukucekelwa phansi kwamandla; uma umthamo wehla ngaphezu kuka-20%, ukushintsha kwefrikhwensi ye-resonance kanye nokuvikelwa kwe-overcurrent kungenzeka.
• Ukuqinisekiswa kobuqotho besisekelo, uxhumo lwetheminali, nokuzinza kwezintambo zesignali ukuvimbela ukukhukhuleka kwesignali nama-alamu angamanga kumasistimu wokushisela omthungo othomathikhi.

Umgomo kulesi sigaba uwukuthola ukuthi ingabe uhlelo luhlala ngaphakathi kwefasitela elizinzile lokusebenza-hhayi nje ukuthola izingxenye ezilimele.

Isistimu yokupholisa ayiyona iyunithi eyisizayo-iwuhlelo oluyisisekelo lokusebenza. Kumathuluzi wokushisela{{2}amandla{3}}aphezulu{3}}okuminyana kwe-seam, ukusebenza kokupholisa kunquma{4}}ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside.

Amanzi-Ukuhlola Uhlelo Lokupholisa

Emishinini yokushisela amanzi{0}epholile yemboni yamanzi, kokubili amapharamitha okusebenza kanye nesimo sesistimu kufanele kuhlolwe ndawonye:

• Ukuqinisekisa izinga lokugeleza kwamanzi okupholisa ukuqinisekisa umthamo owanele wokudlulisa ukushisa
• Ukuqapha izinga lokushisa kwamanzi ukuvimbela ukuqoqwa okushisayo kumamojula wamandla
• Ukulawulwa kwekhwalithi yamanzi (i-pH kanye ne-conductivity) ukuvimbela ukugqwala kanye nokulimala kwe-electrochemical ezindaweni zokushintshanisa ukushisa
• Ukuhlolwa kwezihlungi, amapayipi, izixhumi, nezishintshisi zokushisa ukuze kuvinjwe, ukukala, noma ukuguga okungabangela ukwehluleka ukupholisa kwendawo

Ezimweni eziningi zangempela-zasemhlabeni, ama-alamu okushisa awabangelwa ukwehluleka kwengxenye ye-elekthronikhi, kodwa ukwehla kancane kancane kokupholisa kahle.

-Ukuhlola Isakhiwo Sesistimu Yokupholisa

Kumasistimu{{0}apholile, ukuhlola kufanele kudlulele ngalé kokuhlola ukusebenza kwabalandeli futhi kufake sonke isakhiwo esishisayo: ukuhlanzeka kwerediyetha, amashaneli okugeleza komoya, ukuqina kokusebenza kwabalandeli, kanye{1}}nomthamo wesikhathi eside wokulayisha okushisayo. Uma kukonke ukusebenza kahle kokuchithwa kokushisa kwehla, ukunqwabelana kokushisa kungase kubangele ukuvikelwa kwesistimu ngisho nalapho amapharamitha kagesi ehlala ngaphakathi kwemikhawulo.

A umshini wokushisela umthungoiyisistimu ehlanganiswe ngokuqinile lapho okwamanje, ingcindezi, isikhathi, kanye nemvamisa kwakha imodeli yomthwalo ohlangene.

Ubudlelwano Phakathi Kwamapharamitha kanye Nomthwalo Wesistimu

Inhlanganisela yepharamitha engalungile ingadlula kalula umthamo wesistimu, okuholela ekuvaleni kokuvikela:

• Ukulayisha kwamanje okweqile okungaphezu-umthamo wedivayisi yamandla wesikhathi eside kubangela ukuvikeleka okudlulele
• Isikhathi sokushisela ngokweqile siholela ekuqongeleleni okushisayo nokuvikelwa kwezinga lokushisa
• Ingcindezi eyeqile idlula imikhawulo yedizayini yomthwalo wemishini, okubangela ama-alamu esakhiwo
• Ukungezwani kweresonance phakathi kobuningi nezici zesistimu kwenza kusebenze ukuvikelwa kwamandla

Ukucushwa kwenqubo kufanele kuhlosweukuzinza-kwesikhathi eside, hhayi-isikhathi esifushane se-weld energy extreme.

Inqubo Yokungafani Njengembangela Eyimbangela Yama-alamu Avamile

Empeleni, izinkinga eziningi ze-alamu zibangelwa ukungafani kwenqubo kunokwehluleka kwemishini. Izibonelo ezivamile zihlanganisa ukusebenzisa amapharamitha ethusi noma e-aluminium kumasistimu ensimbi{{1}asekelwe, kusetshenziswa amamodeli awugqinsi-emishini yamapulangwe emishini yokukhanya{3}}ekhanyayo, noma ukuklama imijikelezo yokushisela edlula umthamo womklamo oshisayo womshini wokushisela i-seam weshidi lensimbi.

Indlela efanele idinga ukwakha imodeli yepharamitha ehlelekile yezinto—ukuqina–inqubo, eqinisekiswa ngokuhlolwa kokushisela kwangempela nokuqinisekiswa kokuzinza kunokulungiswa okungokoqobo.

Isimo semishini sithinta ngokuqondile ukuzinza kukagesi emishini yokushisela i-seam.

Imithelela Yokuwohloka Kwesakhiwo Semishini

Izindawo eziyinhloko ezikhathazayo zihlanganisa isimo se-roller electrode surface, ukugqokwa kwemikhono ye-conductive, ukunemba kokuvumelanisa kokudlulisa, kanye nokunemba kwesistimu yokuthwala. Njengoba ukunemba komshini kwehla, ukumelana nokuxhumana kuba nokungazinzi, okuholela ekushiseni ngokweqile kwendawo kanye nama-alamu esistimu.

Ngakho-ke ukunakekelwa kwemishini akuyona nje indaba yesakhiwo kodwa kuyingxenye eyinhloko yokulawulwa kokuqina komshini wokushisela.

Ukulawula{0}}amaphutha ahlobene kuvame ukuvela njengama-alamu anengqondo noma ama-alamu angamanga abangelwa isofthiwe, ukuxhumana, noma izinkinga zobuqotho bedatha.

Lawula I-Logic Yokuxilongwa Kwesistimu

Ukuhlola okuhlelekile kufanele kufake ukuqina kwamandla e-PLC, isimo sokusebenza kwe-CPU, ukungaguquguquki kokuxhumana kwemojuli, kanye nobuqotho bokugcinwa kwepharamitha. Kuzinhlelo zenethiwekhi-ezisekelwe ngokuzenzakalelayo zokushisela i-seam, ukuzinza kwesixhumanisi senethiwekhi nokuthembeka kokudluliswa kwedatha nakho kufanele kuqinisekiswe ukuze kunqandwe ukutholwa okungalungile yisistimu yokulawula.

Isiphetho

Ukwehluleka ukuqalisa kanye nama-alamu avamile emshinini wokushisela i-seam awawona amaphutha obuchwepheshe ahlukanisiwe-awumphumela obonakalayo wokungalingani kwesistimu{1}}okufaka ukuqina kwamandla, umthamo wokupholisa, ukuhambisana kwenqubo, ukunemba komshini, nokuxhumana kokulawula.

Kuphela ngokusebenzisa indlela yokuxilonga ehleliwe-kusukela ezimeni zokusebenza eziyisisekelo futhi uqhubeke ngokusebenzisa ukufanisa umthamo wesistimu{1}}okungenza izimpande zezimbangela zibonakale ngendlela efanele futhi zixazululwe unomphela. Le ndlela{{3}esekelwe kuhlelo ivumela abakhiqizi ukuthi basuke ekunakekeleni okusebenzayo baye ekulawuleni ukuzinza okuvimbelayo, okuqinisekisa{4}}ukusebenza okuthembekile kwesikhathi eside kwemishini yokushisela i-seam ezindaweni eziqhubekayo zokukhiqiza.

Xhumana manje