Emikhakheni ethuthuka ngokushesha yezimoto zamandla amasha (ama-NEV), isitoreji samandla e-photovoltaic (PV), kanye nokudluliswa kwamandla,Umshini wokushisela we-Diffusionubuchwepheshe sebuphenduke indlela encanyelwayo yokukhiqiza{0}izixhumi ezivumelana nezimo eziphezulu zokusebenza namabhasi amabhasi kagesi. Izinkampani zivame ukubhekana nenkinga lapho zikhetha phakathi kwezinhlobo ezimbili eziphambili zemishini: iUmshini wokushisela i-Copper diffusionkanye neUmshini wokushisela we-aluminium diffusion.
Lesi sihloko sinikeza{0}}ukuhlaziywa okujulile komehluko oyinhloko phakathi kwalawa masistimu womabili, okuhlanganisa izici ezibalulekile, izinhlaka zenqubo, izici zokusebenza, nezinhlelo zokusebenza zemboni, ukuze kunikezwe isiqondiso sochwepheshe ekukhetheni izisetshenziswa.
I. I-Technical Core: Isimiso Somshini Wokushisela We-Diffusion
Ubuchwepheshe bomshini wokushisela{0}}kuyinqubo yokuhlanganisa engahlanganisi esebenza endaweni yomoya, eqeda isidingo segumbi levacuum elibizayo. Ifinyelela isibopho se-metallurgical phakathi kwamafoil ensimbi (njengethusi noma i-aluminium) ngokulawula ngokunembile izinga lokushisa, ukucindezela, nesikhathi, okuvumela ama-athomu ukuba ahlangane-ahlakazeke kuyo yonke indawo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa into yokugcwalisa noma ukuguquguquka. Le nqubo emisha inikeza ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu, ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphansi, kanye nokuhamba kahle kukagesi ekuhlanganyeleni.
- I-Diffusion welding iyindlela eqinile-ye-state bonding esebenzisa ukushisa nengcindezi ukuze ibangele ukuwohloka kwepulasitiki okungabonakali kanye nokuxhumana okuseduze phakathi kwezindawo okumele zihlanganiswe. Ukunyakaza okushisayo okulandelayo kwama-athomu kuyo yonke isixhumanisi kwenza ibhondi ye-metallurgical eqinile.
II. Umehluko Oyinhloko Phakathi Kwemishini Yokushisela I-Copper kanye ne-Aluminium Diffusion
Nakuba yomibili le mishini ithembele esimisweni sokushisela esisabalalisa, umehluko oyisisekelo wezakhiwo ezingokomzimba nezamakhemikhali zethusi ne-aluminium udinga amafilosofi okuklama ahlukene kanye nezilawuli zenqubo.
1. Izakhiwo zePhysical and Electrical Conductivity
I-Copper ne-aluminium yizinto ezivame kakhulu zokuqhuba embonini yamandla. Umehluko wabo wemvelo wempahla ulawula ngqo izidingo zenqubo yokushisela.
| Imethrikhi yokusebenza | I-Pure Copper (i-T2 Oxygen-Imahhala) | I-Aluminium Ehlanzekile (1060 Foil) | Ukuhlaziywa komthelela |
| I-Conductivity (IACS) | ~100% | ~61% | I-Copper iphakeme ezinhlelweni zokusebenza zamanje zokuminyana. |
| I-Melting Point (i-degree) | 1083 | 660 | I-Aluminium inewindi elincane lokushisela, elidinga ukunemba okuphezulu kokulawula okushisayo. |
| Ukuminyana (g/cm³) | 8.96 | 2.70 | I-Aluminium inikeza inzuzo enkulu ezinhlelweni zokukhanya. |
| I-Thermal Conductivity (W/m·K) | 401 | 237 | I-Copper ihlakaza ukushisa ngokushesha, idinga ukushisa okuphezulu ngesikhathi sokushisela. |
2. Ukulawulwa Okunembile Kwemingcele Yenqubo
Ngenxa yokuhlukahluka kwendawo encibilikayo nobulukhuni, izinga lokushisa nezilungiselelo zokucindezela kwezinhlobo ezimbili zemishini zihlukaniswa ngokuqinile.
- Umshini wokushisela i-Copper diffusion: Izinga lokushisa elivamile lokusebenza libekwe phakathi kuka-700℃no-750 degree. Ngenxa yokuthi ithusi liqinile futhi linokumelana okuphakeme kancane kwe-oxidation kune-aluminium, ukucindezela kweyunithi okukhulu (ngokuvamile okungu-10–20 MPa) kuyadingeka ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthintana kwe-athomu okwanele.
- Umshini wokushisela we-aluminium diffusion: Izinga lokushisa elisebenzayo ngokuvamile lilawulwa phakathi kwama-degree angu-600 nama-640 degrees. Njengoba indawo yokuncibilika ye-aluminium ingu-660℃kuphela, izinga lokushisa lokushisela liseduze kakhulu nendawo yokuncibilika. Lokhu kudinga ukunemba okuphezulu kakhulu kokulawula okushisayo (ukubekezelela amaphutha ngokuvamile phakathi kuka-±5℃) ukuze kuvinjwe ucwecwe lwe-aluminium ekuncibilikeni noma ekushiseni ngokweqile.
3. Ukwelapha Okungaphezulu kanye Nezinselele Zengqimba Ye-oksijini
Indawo engaphezulu ye-aluminium foil yenza kalula ungqimba oluminyene lwe-aluminium oxide (Al₂O₃), enephuzu lokuncibilika elidlula i-2000℃futhi ivimbela kakhulu ukuhlangana kokusabalalisa. Ngakho-ke, umshini wokushisela we-Aluminium uvamise ukuhlonyiswa ngezici ezithuthuke kakhulu, njengokudlidliza{2}}okuvama kaningi noma ukucindezela okukhethekile kuyafa, okuklanyelwe ukuphuka ungqimba lwe-oxide ngokushesha phakathi nenqubo yokushisela. Ngokuphambene, ungqimba lwe-oxide ku-foil yethusi ngokuvamile kulula ukunqoba ngokucindezela okushisayo, okwenza inqubo yokushisela yethusi ivuthwe kakhulu.
III. Izimo Zokusebenza Ezihlukene
Lapho ukhetha umshini wokushisela, izinkampani kufanele zihambisane eduze nendawo yokusebenza yomkhiqizo wokuphela.
1. Umshini wokushisela i-Copper diffusion: Amandla Aphezulu Nokuthembeka Okudlulele
Izixhumi ze-Copper eziguquguqukayo, ngenxa yomthamo wazo ophakeme wokuthwala wamanje nokumelana nokugqwala, zisetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ku:
- Amandla Transformers kanye Switchgear: Ukuphatha izinkulungwane zama-ampere zamanje, ezidinga ukumelana nokuxhumana okuphansi kakhulu.
- I-NEV Battery Busbars: Emaphaketheni ebhethri lamandla emoto yabagibeli, izixhumi zethusi eziguquguqukayo zimunca ngempumelelo ukudlidliza kuyilapho zigcina ukudluliswa kwamandla okuzinzile.
- Amaseli E-Electrolytic Yezimboni Ezisindayo: Ezimbonini{0}}ezisebenzisa amandla{1}aphezulu njengamakhemikhali kanye ne-metallurgy, izingxenye ezishiselwe ithusi ziyimidiya edingekayo.
2. Umshini wokushisela we-Aluminium: I-Lightweighting kanye Nokuthuthukisa Izindleko
Iqhutshwa ithrendi "ye-aluminium-ye{1}}yethusi", i-aluminium foil welding ihamba kahle kakhulu kulezi zindawo ezilandelayo:
- I-Photovoltaic Energy Storage Systems: Iziteshi zamandla esitoreji azizwela kakhulu isisindo kodwa zizwela kakhulu ezindlekweni. Izixhumi ze-aluminium foil zinganciphisa kakhulu izindleko zokukhiqiza uhlelo.
- Amaphekhi Ebhethri Yezimoto Zokuhweba: Emabhasini amakhulu kagesi noma ezimotweni zempahla, ukusebenzisa izixhumi ze-aluminium foil kunciphisa isisindo somngcele wephekhi yebhethri, ngaleyo ndlela kwandise ibanga lokushayela.
- Ama-Flexible Conductive Strip: Ukuvumelana nezimo kwe-Aluminium kunenzuzo kumasistimu okusabalalisa-amandla kagesi aphansi lapho isikhala sincishiwe futhi kudingeka ukugotshwa njalo.
IV. Umhlahlandlela Wokukhetha: Usenza Kanjani Isinqumo Esifanelekile
Lapho uthenga umshini wokushisela we-Diffusion, amabhizinisi kufanele ahlole izilinganiso ezintathu ezilandelayo:
1.Hlola Izidingo Zamanje Zokuminyana
Uma umkhiqizo wakho usebenza ngobuningi bamanje obuphezulu kakhulu (isb., obungaphezu kuka-5 A/mm²), umshini wokushisela i-Copper yisinqumo esikhethwayo sokuqinisekisa ukuphepha nokusebenza kahle. Uma ukuminyana kwamanje kulinganiselwe futhi nokuphathwa kokushisa kwanele, isisombululo se-aluminium singabhekwa njengokunciphisa izindleko zempahla ngo-30% -50%.
2.Gxila ku-Thermal System Stability
Ikakhulukazi uma ukhetha umshini wokushisela we-Aluminium, kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isisetshenziswa sinezici-zokulawula okuzimele okuzimele kanye{1}}nenxephezelo yengcindezi yesikhathi sangempela. Imajini yephutha ekushiseleni i-aluminium incane kakhulu, futhi ukunemba kwezinto zokusebenza kunquma izinga lomkhiqizo womkhiqizo.
3.Cabangela Ukusebenza Ngempumelelo Kokukhiqiza Nokuzenzakalela
Inzuzo eyinhloko yobuchwepheshe bomshini we-Diffusion welding ukufaneleka kwayo kokusebenza komugqa wokuhlanganisa okuzenzakalelayo. Ngokusekelwe kumthamo wokukhiqiza waminyaka yonke, izinkampani kufanele zikhethe amamodeli anokulayisha/ukukhipha okuzenzakalelayo kanye namandla okucindezela okuzenzakalelayo{1}}okubamba ukuze kuncishiswe izindleko zabasebenzi kanye nokuthuthukisa ukungaguquguquki kokushisela.
Isiphetho
Umshini wokushisela i-Copper diffusion welding kanye nomshini we-Aluminium diffusion welding akuzona izinto ezilula esikhundleni kodwa amathuluzi akhethekile athuthukiswe ukuhlangabezana nezakhiwo ezihlukahlukene zomzimba nezidingo zohlelo lokusebenza. Ubuchwepheshe bomshini wokushisela i-Diffusion busebenza njengebhuloho elixhumanisa lezi ezimbili, lisungula izinto ezintsha ngokuqhubekayo ukuze kuxazululwe izinselele zokuxhuma "eziphezulu, ezingasindi, isikhathi eside" emkhakheni wamandla amasha.
Ukukhetha umshini wokushisela we-diffusion awukona nje ukukhetha umshini; ithola ithikithi lokungena lobuchwepheshe kuchungechunge oluphezulu-lokuhlinzeka ngempahla. Ezimakethe ezincintisanayo ngokwandayo, ukuqonda okujulile-kwenqubo yokufanisa ingqondo kuyoba ukhiye ekuthuthukiseni ukuncintisana okuyinhloko kwenkampani.
