Embonini yesimanje yezimboni, iumshini wokushisela indawoseliyithuluzi elibalulekile lokwenziwa kwensimbi engagqwali ngenxa yokusebenza kahle kwayo, ukuphindaphinda, nokulawula ukushisa okunembayo. Kodwa-ke, izici ezihlukile zensimbi engagqwali{{1}indawo encibilikayo ephezulu, izinga eliphezulu le-thermal conductivity, kanye nokuthambekela okuqinile kokwenza i-oxidize{2}}kudinga ukusebenzisa izinto ezifanele ze-electrode ukuze kutholakale ukushisela okuzinzile,{3}}okuphezulu{3}}.
Ucwaningo lukhombisa ukuthi sekuphelile70% amaphutha okushisela insimbi engagqwali ahlobene ngokuqondile nokukhethwa kwe-electrode okungafanele noma ukulungiswa okwanele, okugqamisa ukuthi ukukhetha kwe-electrode kubaluleke kangakanani ekusebenzeni kokushisela.
Lo mhlahlandlela uchaza ukuthi izinto ezihlukene zama-electrode zisebenza kanjani kunsimbi engagqwali, ukuthi ungazifanisa kanjani nomshini wakho wokushisela, nokuthi ungawenza kanjani ngokugcwele amapharamitha akho nezindlela zokunakekela ukuze ukwandise ikhwalithi yokushisela nempilo ye-electrode.
Kungani I-Electrode Material Ibalulekile
Ama-Electrode adlala indima ewujuqu endleleni ukushisa namandla okulethwa ngayo ngesikhathi sokushisela. Ukukhetha impahla ye-electrode efanele kuthuthukisa:
- Amandla e-Weld nugget ngo-15–40%
- Ukuvumelana kwe-Welding kufika ku-30%
- Ukwehliswa kwe-spatter ngo-25-60%
- Ukuphila kwe-Electrode izikhathi ezingu-2-5
I-electrode-ehambisana kahle inika umshini wakho wokushisela i-spotless weld ikhono lokukhiqiza ama-welds ahlanzekile, aqinile, futhi aphindaphindwayo, ngisho namazinga ensimbi engenasici ayinselele.
Izinto Ezintathu Ezivamile Ze-Electrode Zensimbi Engagqwali kanye Nezicelo Zazo Ezikahle
1.
I-Standard Copper Electrodes (Ingcono kakhulu ngensimbi encane engagqwali)
Ama-electrode ethusi ajwayelekile asetshenziswa kabanzi ezintweni ezisukela ku0.2–1.0 mmngokuqina.
Izinzuzo ezibalulekile:
- Ukusebenza kahle kukagesi (80–90%)
- Ukukhipha ukushisa okuhle kakhulu okuvimbela ukushiswa kwendawo
- Ingozi ephansi yokuhlehla noma ukuwohloka kwezingcezu zokusebenza ezincane
- Ithengeka kalula futhi kulula ukuyisebenzisa
Kulungele:
- Amashubhu ensimbi engenasici azacile
- Ikhishi kanye nezingxenye zokukhanya
- Imeshi yokuhlunga kanye nemihlangano emincane eshiselwe
Qaphela:I-Copper ithambile futhi iguga ngokushesha, ngakho-ke ukugqoka okuvamile kuyadingeka.
2.
I-Chromium Zirconium Copper (CuCrZr): Ihamba phambili ku-304 / 316 kanye{2}}nensimbi engagqwali ephezulu
Okwezinsimbi-eziphakeme ze-chromium{1}}neziphezulu ze-nickel ezifana304 futhi 316, ukushisela kuba nzima kakhulu. I-Chromium zirconium yethusi inikeza ukuqina okuthuthukisiwe kakhulu.
Izici zokusebenza:
- 3-5 × ukumelana okuphezulu kokuguguleka kwe-arc ngenxa ye-zirconium
- Iphatha ububanzi bamanje obuphezulu (300–500 A)
- Ukuqina okuphezulu{0}}kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu
- Ukumelana ne-oxidation ephezulu yokushisela okuqhubekayo
- Impilo yesevisi engu-2–3× ende uma iqhathaniswa nama-electrode ethusi ajwayelekile
Kulungele:
- 1–3 mm-ubukhulu bensimbi engagqwali
- Izingxenye zesakhiwo ezinezidingo zamandla aphezulu
- Izindawo zokukhiqiza eziqhubekayo
3.
I-Tungsten-I-Molybdenum Electrodes: Isixazululo sensimbi-esindayo kanye nensimbi engagqwali ewugqinsi.
Lapho Welding insimbi engagqwali mkhulu ukwedlula5 mm, ukushisa okuphezulu kakhulu kugxile endaweni yokushisela. Ama-electrode e-Tungsten-molybdenum ayakwazi ukugcina ukuzinza ngaphansi kwezimo ezimbi kakhulu.
Kungani zibalulekile ezingxenyeni eziwugqinsi:
- Iphuzu lokuncibilika likaTungsten lifinyelela3410 degree, ukuvimbela ukuguqulwa kwe-electrode
- I-Molybdenum ithuthukisa ukumelana nokushaqeka okushisayo
- Ukusebenza okuzinzile uma kubhangqwe-nefrikhwensi yamanje (1–5 kHz)
- Kuhle kakhulu ekungeneni okujulile nama-workpieces amakhulu
Kulungele:
- Amapuleti ensimbi engenasici esindayo
- Ama-casting amakhulu
- I-welding yesakhiwo enezidingo eziphezulu zokungena
Ukuthuthukisa Ipharamitha: Ukufanisa izilungiselelo ezilungile ku-Electrode ngayinye
Ngisho nezinto ezingcono kakhulu ze-electrode, ikhwalithi yokushisela incike kakhulu ekutheni umshini wakho wokushisela indawo umiswe ngendlela efanele yini.
Ububanzi bepharamitha enconyiwe yomkhakha:
| Isicelo | I-Electrode Pressure | Isikhathi Sokushisela | Okwamanje | Amanothi |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Insimbi engagqwali ezacile (Ngaphansi noma ilingana no-1 mm) | 0.3 MPa | 3–10 ms |
Okujwayelekile | Gwema ukuhlehlisa ngaphezulu |
| Ugqinsi olumaphakathi (1–3 mm) | 0.4–0.5 MPa | 10–20 ms |
Yamanje ephezulu | Vimbela ama-nuggets abuthakathaka noma amancane |
| Izingxenye eziwugqinsi ( ezinkulu noma zilingana no-5 mm) | Inkulu noma ilingana no-0.5 MPa | 15–30 ms |
-imvamisa ephezulu | Qinisekisa ukungena okwanele |
Okubalulekile Kwesondlo: Ukwandisa Ukuphila Kwe-Electrode Nokuqina Kwe-Welding
I-electrode-egcinwe kahle ingahlala isikhathi esingafika ku-200% futhi inikeze ukusebenza kokushisela okuzinzile.
Imisebenzi esemqoka yokulungisa ihlanganisa:
- Hlola njalo ukugqokwa kwama-electrode; buyisela lapho ububanzi bethiphu kuncipha20%
- Gqoka (ubumbe kabusha) ama-electrodes asuselwe kugqinsi lezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nejometri
- Gcina izinga lokushisa elipholile ngaphakathi5-30 degrees
- Vimbela ukushisa ngokweqile ukuze ugweme ukuthambisa i-electrode
- Sungula imibhalo ukuze ulandelele ukusebenza kwe-electrode neminyaka yokuphila
Indlela Yokukhetha I-Electrode Elungile Ngokushesha
- Insimbi engagqwali ezacile → I-electrode yethusi evamile
- 304 / 316 insimbi engagqwali → I-Chromium zirconium yethusi
- Amapuleti aminyene / izakhiwo ezisindayo → I-Tungsten-i-molybdenum
Ukuze uqinisekise ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu, hlanganisa impahla ye-electrode efanele ne:
- Amarekhodi epharamitha angaguquki
- Izindlela zokuvikela zokulungisa
- Ukuphathwa kwesistimu yokupholisa efanele
- Ukuqeqeshwa kwe-opharetha ngokuziphatha kwe-electrode
Isiphetho
Lapho welding insimbi engagqwali ngeumshini wokushisela indawo, ukukhethwa kwe-electrode kubaluleke kakhulu njengokucushwa komshini. Ngokukhetha impahla ye-electrode efanele, ukulungisa amapharamitha wokushisela ngokwesayensi, nokusebenzisa izinqubo zokunakekela ezihlelekile, abakhiqizi bangakwazi ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokushisela ngokuphawulekayo, banciphise izindleko zokusebenza, futhi banwebe ukuphila kwakho kokubili ama-electrode nemishini.
Kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ushisela amashidi ensimbi engagqwali ezacile noma izingxenye zesakhiwo esindayo, ukukhetha i-electrode elungile-ehlanganiswe nezilungiselelo ezilungile nezinqubo zokunakekela-kuqinisekisa{2}}ukuthembeka kwesikhathi eside, ukukhiqiza okuphezulu, nokusebenza kokushisela okuphakeme ngokungaguquguquki ezindaweni zokukhiqiza ezinzima.
